Geography

1. Core Physical Geography

• Plate Tectonics

• Volcanic Activity

• Earthquakes

• Weathering and Erosion

• Coastal Processes and Landforms

• River Processes and Landforms

• Glaciation

2. Core Human Geography

• Population Dynamics

• Migration Patterns

• Urbanization

• Settlement Patterns

• Economic Activities (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary)

• Development and Globalization

3. Regional Geography

• European Regions

• Global Regions

• Economic and Cultural Characteristics

1. The Earth and Space

• The Structure of the Earth

• Plate Tectonics and Landform Formation

• Earthquakes and Volcanoes

2. Weather, Climate, and Atmosphere

• Weather Patterns and Elements

• Climate Zones and Influences

• Atmospheric Circulation

3. Rocks and Soil

• Rock Types and the Rock Cycle

• Soil Formation and Types

4. Landscapes and Human Interaction

• Glaciated, Fluvial, and Coastal Landscapes

• Human Impact on Landscapes

5. Population and Settlement

• Population Distribution and Density

• Urban and Rural Settlements

• Population Change and Migration

6. Economic Activities

• Primary (Agriculture, Fishing, Mining)

• Secondary (Industry and Manufacturing)

• Tertiary (Services and Tourism)

7. Sustainable Development

• Resource Management (Water, Energy)

• Environmental Issues and Conservation

• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

8. Geographical Skills

• Map Skills (Reading and Interpretation)

• Aerial and Satellite Imagery

• Graphs, Charts, and Data Analysis

• Fieldwork Skills and Geographical Investigation

1. Physical Geography

• Geomorphology: Landforms and Processes

• Climatology: Weather and Climate Systems

• Biogeography: Distribution of Life on Earth

• Hydrology: Water Cycle and Water Resources

• Soil Science: Soil Formation and Classification

2. Human Geography

• Population Geography: Demographics, Migration, and Urbanization

• Cultural Geography: Cultural Landscapes, Identity, and Globalization

• Economic Geography: Industrial Location, Trade, and Development

• Political Geography: Borders, Geopolitics, and Global Governance

• Urban Geography: City Development and Planning

3. Environmental Geography

• Environmental Change and Sustainability

• Natural Hazards and Disaster Management

• Conservation and Environmental Management

• Climate Change Impacts and Mitigation

4. Geopolitics and International Relations

1. • Theories of Geopolitics

   • Territorial Disputes and International Conflict

   • Globalisation and Its Impacts

5. Geographical Techniques and Skills

• Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

• Remote Sensing and Aerial Photography

• Cartography: Map Making and Interpretation

• Spatial Analysis and Data Visualization

• Fieldwork Methods and Techniques

6. Regional Geography

1. • Detailed Study of Specific World Regions (e.g., Africa, Asia, Europe)

   • Regional Development and Disparities

   • Case Studies of Economic and Social Issues

7. Sustainable Development

1. • Principles of Sustainable Development

   • Sustainable Urban and Rural Development

   • Global Environmental Policies and Agreements

8. Urban and Regional Planning

1. • Urbanization Trends and Challenges

   • Land Use Planning and Policy

   • Transport and Infrastructure Development