Biology

1. Cell Biology

• Cell Theory

• Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells

• Cellular Organelles: Nucleus, Mitochondria, Ribosomes, etc.

• Cell Membrane and Transport Mechanisms

• Cell Cycle and Division: Mitosis and Meiosis

2. Genetics

• Mendelian Inheritance Patterns

• Genetic Variation and Mutation

• DNA Structure and Replication

• Basics of Genetic Engineering

3. Human Biology

• Digestive System: Structure and Functions

• Respiratory System: Mechanisms of Breathing

• Circulatory System: Heart, Blood Vessels, and Blood

• Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses

• Reproductive System: Human Reproduction and Development

4. Ecology

• Ecosystem Components: Biotic and Abiotic Factors

• Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling

• Biodiversity and Conservation

5. Plant Biology

• Plant Structures: Roots, Stems, Leaves, Flowers

• Photosynthesis and Plant Growth

• Plant Reproduction: Pollination and Seed Development

1. Molecular and Cellular Biology

• Cell Cycle Regulation and Cancer

• Detailed Biochemical Pathways: Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle

• Enzyme Function and Regulation

• Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis

2. Genetics and Evolution

• Genetic Inheritance Beyond Mendel: Polygenic Traits, Epistasis

• Genetic Mutations and Their Effects

• Evolutionary Evidence: Fossils, Comparative Anatomy

• Mechanisms of Evolution: Genetic Drift, Gene Flow

3. Human Anatomy and Physiology

• Detailed Study of Organ Systems: Endocrine, Immune, Musculoskeletal

• Mechanisms of Homeostasis: Temperature Regulation, Fluid Balance

• Pathophysiology: Disease Mechanisms, Immune System Disorders

4.  Ecology and Environment

• Ecosystem Dynamics: Succession, Ecological Pyramids

• Population Ecology: Growth Models, Carrying Capacity

• Conservation Biology: Biodiversity Loss, Habitat Restoration

5.  Plant and Animal Physiology

• Plant Hormones and Growth Regulation

• Animal Physiological Processes: Thermoregulation, Osmoregulation

• Comparative Physiology: Adaptations to Environmental Challenges